Ceramide
INCI name: Ceramide NP, Ceramide AP, Ceramide EOP (depending on type)
Origin
Ceramides are naturally occurring lipids (fat molecules) that make up about 50% of the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum. They are an essential component of the so-called lipid matrix that holds skin cells together. For cosmetics, ceramides are now primarily obtained biotechnologically or from plant sources such as wheat, rice, or sweet potatoes.
Production
Modern ceramides for skin care are produced by fermentation or chemical synthesis. Plant-based ceramides (phytoceramides) are extracted from grains or legumes and are structurally very similar to human ceramides. This approach is sustainable and well-tolerated.
Effect on the skin
Ceramides are among the most important active ingredients for a healthy skin barrier:
- Strengthen the skin barrier: They fill gaps in the lipid matrix and make the skin more resistant to external influences.
- Store moisture: Ceramides prevent transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and keep the skin hydrated for a long time.
- Soothe irritated skin: They reduce dryness, tightness, and irritation.
- Regenerate the skin: In case of a damaged skin barrier, ceramides help restore the natural protective function.
Suitable for which skin type
Ceramides are suitable for all skin types, especially recommended for dry, sensitive, irritated or mature skin, as well as for skin problems such as neurodermatitis or rosacea.